Bolshevism

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Connexions Library

The ABC of Communism
Bukharin, Preobrazhensky; (edited by Carr, E. H.)
Book
1920
Written as a commentary on the Bolshevik Party program, combining a vision of communist society with a program for practical action.
The Abolition of the State: Anarchist & Marxist Perspectives
Price, Wayne
Book
2007
Both Anarchists and Marxists believe that it will be possible to do away with the state. But what do they mean by that? What is the state, after all? What institutions, if any, would be necessary ...
The Age of Permanent Revolution: A Trotsky Anthology
Deutscher, Isaac
Book
1964
A collection of writings by Leon Trotsky.
"All Power to the Soviets!" Biography of a Slogan
Lih, Lars T.
Article
2017
An examination of the origins of the slogan "All Power to the Soviets" in its original context of Russia in 1917.
The Anarchists in the Russian Revolution: Documents of revolution
Avrich, Paul (ed.)
Book
1973
A selection of articles, manifestos, speeches, resolutions, letter, diaries, poems, and songs which seek to capture the spirit of the anarchist movement in Rissia.
The Autobiography of a Sexually Emancipated Communist Woman
Kollontai, Alexandra
Book
1926
This is the first time that the complete autobiography which Alexandra Kollontai has been published. Written in 1926 under the pressure of the gradually sharpening Stalinist control, readers must real...
Bolshevik Party: Entry in the Marxists Internet Archive Glossary
Article
The Bolshevik party led the Russian Revolution of 1917.
The Bolshevik Revolution 1917 - 1923 - Volume One: A History of Soviet Russia
Carr, Edward Hallet
Book
1950
The first volume of E.H. Carr's eight-volume history of Soviet Russia,, containing an analysis of those events and controversies in Bolshevik history between 1898 and 1917 which influenced the nature ...
Bolshevik Women
Clements, Barbara Evans
Book
1997
A history of the contributions of women to the Soviet Communist Party before 1921 in Russia.
The Bolsheviks Come to Power: The Revolution of 1917 in Petrograd
Rabinowitch, Alexander
Book
2009
An account of how the Bolshevik revolution triumphed.
The Bolsheviks and Workers' Control: The State and Counter-Revolution
Brinton, Maurice
Book
1970
A pamphlet exposing the struggle that took place over the running of workplaces in the immediate aftermath of the Russian Revolution. In doing so not only does it demolish the romantic Leninist "histo...
Bolshevism and Stalinism
Mattick, Paul
Article
1947
From any view that goes beyond the capitalist system of exploitation, Stalinism and Trotskyism are both relics of the past.
Bolshevism: The Road to Revolution
Woods, Alan
Article
1999
An in-depth analysis of the history of Bolshevism and the many programmatic, tactical and organisational lessons to be drawn from that history.
Brinton, Maurier - Writings - Index
Brinton, Maurice
Article
Writings of Maurice Brinton (1923-2005).
Broué, Pierre - Writings - Index
Broué, Pierre
Article
Writings of Pierre Broué (1926 – 2005).
A Classic Study Revisited: Against The Current vol. 143
Horn, Gerd-Rainer
Article
2009
Pierre Broué (1926-2005) was one of the few Trotskyist historians who carved out a niche in academia, though this career choice had to overcome many obstacles. Coming of age at a time in France when t...
The Contradiction of Trotsky
Lefort, Claude
Article
1948
It was worth examining carefully Trotsky's attitude at the dawn of Stalinism, for it enables us to elucidate the (theoretical) policy to which he adhered until his death. I have said that Trotsky repr...
Council Communism & The Critique of Bolshevism
Brendel, Cajo
Article
1999
Council Communists don't see Stalinism as a sort of 'counter-revolution' that deprived October of its fruits. Rather they see Stalinism just as a fruit of this revolution, one that opened the door for...
A Dictionary of Marxist Thought
Bottomore, Tom
Book
1983
Failure of a Dream?: Essays in the History of American Socialism
Laslettt, John H. M.; Lipset, Seymour Martin
Book
1974
Examines the reasons for the relative weakness of American socialism.
From Bolshevism to the Bureaucracy
Cardan, Paul (Cornelius Castoriadis)
Book
1962
Among the innumerable questions raised by the fate of the Russian Revolution, two form the poles around which we may organise all the others. The first question is: What kind of society was produced b...
From Lenin to Stalin
Serge, Victor
Book
1937
A fascinating, first-hand account of the Stalinist takeover in Russia.
From National Bolshevism to Ecologism
Goldner, Loren
Article
1980
National Bolshevism, which made its appearance in the German council movement in 1920, was initially created by two ex-militants of the American I.W.W., who played in Germany the same role as anarcho-...
Germany's lost Bolshevik: Paul Levi revisited: A review of David Fernbach (ed), In the Steps of Rosa Luxemburg: Selected Writings by Paul Levi
Zehetmair, Sebastian
Article
2012
Paul Levi’s name is almost unknown today outside a small community of specialised historians. But in the years 1919 and 1920 he was well known in Germany and abroad as the chair of the young Communist...
The Hero' of Kronstadt Writes History: Review of The Revolution Betrayed
Mattick, Paul
Article
1937
It is only necessary to reflect on the paramount role which Trotsky played in the first thundering years of Bolshevik Russia to understand why he cannot admit that the Bolshevik revolution was only ab...
The History of Democracy: A Marxist Interpretation
Roper, Brian S.
Book
2013
Roper traces the history of democracy from ancient Athens to the emergence of liberal representative and socialist participatory democracy. He argues that democracy cannot be understood separately fro...
Imperialism: Pioneer of Capitalism
Warren, Bill
Book
1980
Argues that the accepted theories of imperialism are profoundly flawed.
The Invading Socialist Society
James, C.L.R.; Forest, F. [Raya Dunayevskaya]; Stone, Ria [Grace Lee Boggs]
Book
1947
History has shown that in moments of great social crisis, its farthest flights fall short of the reality of the proletarian revolution. Never was the proletariat so ready for the revolutionary struggl...
Kronstadt 1921: Trotsky's Defense. Response to Trotsky
Serge, Victor
Article
1938
It is in fact in the domain of repression that the Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party committed, from the very beginning of the revolution, the gravest errors, those which were to most dangerous...
The Kronstadt Commune
Mett, Ida
Book
1938
A history of the Kronstadt Uprising 1921 which highlights one of the most important yet neglected events of the Russian Revolution. The suppression of the most revolutionary section of the Navy by the...
Kronstadt rebellion: Connexipedia Article
Article
An uprising of Soviet sailors, soldiers and civilians against the Bolshevik government in 1921.
The "Labor Aristocracy" and Working-Class Struggles: Consciousness in Flux, Part 2: Against The Current vol. 124
Post, Charles
Article
2006
Whatever the theoretical and empirical problems with the economics of the labor aristocracy thesis, its defenders still claim that well paid workers have generally been more reformist and conservative...
"Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder
Lenin, V. I.
Book
1918
Lenin's repsonse to ultraleftists who advocate 'no compromises' and refuse to work in 'reactionary' trade unions and parliamentary elections.
Left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks: Connexipedia Article
Article
A series of rebellions and uprisings against the Bolsheviks led or supported by left wing groups.
Lenin
Lih, Lars T.
Book
2011
Lenin 1917-18: the road to the authoritarian state.
Biddulph, Barry
Article
2014
Lenin’s focus when he returned to Russia in 1917 was on the facts of the revolution, rather than outdated Bolshevik theory. He began with what was real, rather than an abstract possibility.
Lenin and the Vanguard Party
James, C.L.R.
Article
1963
To believe that Bolshevism, or to be more precise, Leninism, would under the circumstances advocate or preach the theory of the vanguard party is to continue slander of Leninism, but not to his theory...
Lenin as Philosopher
Pannekoek, Anton
Book
1938
Since the importance of Lenin's philosophy is so strongly emphasised in Leninist organizations, it is necessary to make it the subject of a serious critical study. The doctrine of Party-Communism of t...
Lenin as Philosopher: Some additional remarks to Anton Pannekoek's recent criticism of Lenin's book Materialism and Empirio-Criticism
Korsch, Karl
Article
1938
Both in his revolutionary materialist philosophy and m his revolutionary jacobinic politics, Lenin hid from himself the historical truth that his Russian revolution, in spite of a temporary attempt to...
Lenin and the Bolshevik Party: A revolutionary collective
Le Blanc, Paul
Article
2018
The Russian Revolution of 1917 clearly reveals the complexities of Bolshevism – Lenin's party – as a revolutionary collective.
Lenin in 1917
Serge, Victor
Article
1924
Lenin, Vladimir - Writings - Index
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich
Article
The Lessons of October
Trotsky, Leon
Article
1924
Marxism and Freedom: From 1776 to Today
Dunayevskaya, Raya
Book
1958
Dunayevskaya argues that Marx's theory is the generalisation of the instinctive striving of the proletariat for a new social order, a truly human society.
A Marxist History of the World part 71: Dual power: the mechanics of revolution
Faulkner, Neil
Article
2012
The centuries old Russian monarchy was overthrown in a matter of days in February 1917. Neil Faulkner looks at the months of turmoil that followed.
A Marxist History of the World part 72: February to October the rhythms of revolution
Faulkner, Neil
Article
2012
The situation of 'dual power' that emerged after the overthrow of the Tsar in February 1917 was marked by a series of major political crises.
A Marxist History of the World part 80: Stalinism: the bitter fruit of revolutionary defeat
Faulkner, Neil
Article
2012
Neil Faulkner looks at the time when the Bolshevik regime turned in on itself and morphed into a mockery of its socialist ideals.
Mattick, Paul - Writings - Index
Mattick, Paul
Article
Writings of Paul Mattick (1904-1981).
Memoirs of a Revolutionary 1901- 1941
Serge, Victor
Book
1943
Victor Serge, who was bron in 1890 and died in 1947, was an anarchist, a Bolshevik, a Trotskyist, and a revisionist-Marxist. Belgian by birth and upbringing, French by adoption and in literary express...
My Disillusionment in Russia
Goldman, Emma
Book
1925
Anarchist Emma Goldman recounts her experiences in Russia during the early years of the Revolution, and her subsequent disillusionment with the Bolshevik regime.
My Life
Trotsky, Leon
Book
1930
Trotsky's autobiography, published in 1930.
The Myth of Lenin's 'Concept of The Party': What They Did to What Is To Be Done?
Draper, Hal
Article
1990
Lenin protested more than once that his initial formulations in WITBD were being distorted and misinterpreted by opponents, after which he went on to clarify and modify. If we want to know Lenin's 'co...
National liberation and Bolshevism reexamined: A view from the borderlands - An analysis of the socialist debates on the national question up through 1914: A view from the Czarist empire's borderlands obliges us to rethink assumptions about the revolutions of 1905 and 1917
Eric, Blanc
Article
2014
The following paper analyzes the socialist debates on the national question up through 1914. I argue that an effective strategy of anti-colonial Marxism was first put forward by the borderland sociali...
National Liberation and Bolshevism Reexamined: A View from the Borderlands
Blanc, Eric
Article
2014
A view from the Czarist empire's borderlands obliges us to rethink many long-held assumptions about the revolutions of 1905 and 1917, as well as the development of Marxist approaches to national liber...
1905
Trotsky, Leon
Book
1922
For a number of years, when the reaction was triumphant, the year 1905 appeared to us as a completed whole, as the Russian revolution.
Notes from a Revolution Dying: Against The Current vol. 134
Pirani, Simon
Article
2008
In June 1922, five years on from the Russian Revolution, a group of Moscow communists gathered to discuss a letter by Vladimir Petrzhek, an auto worker, tendering his resignation from the communist (o...
Obsolete Communism: The Left-Wing Alternative
Cohn-Bendit, Daniel; Cohn-Bendit, Gabriel
Book
1968
An account of the May 1968 uprising in Paris, positing a left radical alternative to the encrusted beliefs of the old left and the right. A comment on power, on bureaucracy, and on the paths to libera...
Once More: Kronstadt
Macdonald, Dwight
Article
1938
I admire Trotsky and accept many of his theories. An article like this - essentially a piece of special pleading, however brilliant - makes it harder to defend Trotsky from the often-made accusation t...
Once More: Kronstadt
Serge, Victor
Article
1938
The question which dominates today the whole discussion is, in substance, this: When and how did Bolshevism begin to degenerate?
Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists
Makhno; Mett; Arshinov; Valevski; Linski
Article
1926
In 1926 a group of exiled Russian anarchists in France, the Delo Truda (Workers' Cause) group, published this pamphlet.
Organizational Questions of the Russian Social Democracy
Luxemburg, Rosa
Article
1904
Rosa Luxemburg's contribution to the debate within the Russian Social Democratic movement on party organization and democratic centralism. Luxemburg joins Trotsky in warning of the dangers inherent in...
Our Generation: Volume 12 Number 2
Serial Publication (Periodical)
Paul D'Amato and the Red Condom
Proyect, Louis
Article
2012
Paul Levi: A Luxemburgist Alternative?: A review of In the Steps of Rosa Luxemburg: Selected Writings of Paul Levi
Drucker, Peter
Article
2012
Among the adversaries of capitalism, some have argued that a revolution could have been achieved differently and better in the spirit of Rosa Luxemburg, who wrote a critique of the Bolsheviks’ undemoc...
A People's History of the World: From the Stone Age to the New Millennium
Harman, Chris
Book
1999
Harman describes the shape and course of human history as a narrative of ordinary people forming and re-forming complex societies in pursuit of common human goals.
Practice and Theory of Bolshevism
Russell, Bertrand
Book
1920
Prelude to Revolution: The Petrograd Bolsheviks and the July 1917 Uprising
Rabinowitch, Alexander
Book
1968
About the role of the Bolsheviks in the period between the February and October 1917 revolutions, concentrating on their role in the July uprising in Petrograd.
The Question of Stalin
Colletti, Lucio
Article
Colletti explores the contradictions of Bolshevism as the vanguard party which constructed a powerful state apparatus to manage the socialist relations of production while abandoning the development o...
Real Utopia: Participatory Society for the twenty-first century
Spannos, Chris (ed.)
Book
2008
Real Utopia identifies and obliterates the barriers to an egalitarian, bottom-up society, while convincingly outlining how to build it.
Red Emma Speaks: Selected Writings and Speeches by Emma Goldman
Goldman, Emma (edited by Shulman, Alix Kates)
Book
1972
A collection of essays which provide a comprehensive view of Emma Goldman's theories and beliefs.
Report from Moscow from Otto Ruhle
Ruhle, Otto
Article
1920
The Russian tactic is the tactic of authoritarian organisation. It has been so consistently developed and in the end carried to extremes, by the Bolsheviks to the fundamental principle of centralism t...
Revolutionary Organisation and Open Letter to IS
Article
1972
A 1972 pamphlet incorporating two previously published texts, 'Revolutionary Organisation' (1961) and 'An Open Letter to I.S.' (1968). They are presented as "a contribution to the serious discussing n...
The Role of Bolshevik Ideology in the Birth of the Bureaucracy
Castoriadis, Cornelius
Article
1962
People have not finished talking about the Russian Revolution, its problems, its degeneration, and about the regime it ultimately produced. And how could one? Of all the revolts of the working class, ...
Rosa Luxemburg: Abridged Edition
Nettl, Peter
Book
1966
A biography of Luxemburg by a British academic.
Rosa Luxemburg, Women's Liberation, and Marx's Philosophy of Revolution
Dunayevskaya, Raya
Book
1981
Part I - Rosa Luxemburg as Theoretician, as Activist, as Internationalist. Part II - The Women's Liberation Movement as Revolutionary Force and Reason. Part III - Karl Marx: From Critic of Hegel to Au...
Russia in Revolution 1900-1930
Salisbury, Harrison E.
Book
1978
A portrait of thirty years of political and artistic upheaval.
The Russian Enigma: Lenin, Also...: Chapter 9 of Book 3 of The Russian Enigma, cut by the publisher of the original 1938 version
Ciliga, Ante
Article
1938
Chapter 9 of Book 3 of Ante Ciliga's The Russian Enigma originally published as In The Land of The Great Lie. The book details Ciliga's time spent in Soviet Prisons and 'isolaters' following his arres...
The Russian Revolution
Luxemburg, Rosa
Book
1918
The basic lesson of every great revolution, the law of its being, decrees: either the revolution must advance at a rapid, stormy, resolute tempo, break down all barriers with an iron hand and place it...
The Russian tragedy
Luxemburg, Rosa
Article
1918
There is only one solution to the tragedy in which Russia in caught up: an uprising at the rear of German imperialism, the German mass rising, which can signal the international revolution to put an e...
Selections from the Prison Notebooks
Gramsci, Antonio
Book
1951
Gramsci's Notebooks cover a wide range of subjects including history, culture, politics, and philosophy.
Serge, Viktor - Writings - Index
Serge, Viktor
Article
Writings of Victor Serge (1890-1947).
Situationist International Anthology
Knabb, Ken
Book
1981
A selection of Situationist writings.
Six Red Months in Russia: An Observers Account of Russia Before and During the Proletarian Dictatorship
Bryant, Louise
Book
1918
Louise Bryant's account of her time in Russia during the revolution 1917-1918.
The Socialist Register 1964: Volume 1: A Survey of Movements & Ideas
Miliband, Ralph; Saville, John (ed.s)
Serial Publication (Periodical)
1964
The Socialist Register 1975: Volume 12: A Survey of Movements & Ideas
Miliband, Ralph; Saville, John (eds.)
Serial Publication (Periodical)
1975
The Socialist Register 1984: Volume 21: The Uses of Anti-Communism
Miliband, Ralph; Saville, John (eds.)
Serial Publication (Periodical)
1984
Socialist Thought: A Documentary History
Fried, Albert; Sanders, Ronald (eds.)
Book
1964
An anthology of important documents in the history of European socialist thought, from pre-revolutionary France to the 1950s.
The State and Revolution
Lenin, V. I.
Book
1917
Lenin on the Marxist view of the state and revolution.
The Struggle Against Fascism Begins with the Struggle Against Bolshevism
Rühle, Otto
Article
1939
Russia must be placed first among the new totalitarian states. It was the first to adopt the new state principle. It went furthest in its application. It was the first to establish a constitutional di...
The Tasks of the Proletariat in the Present Revolution: a.k.a. The April Theses
Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich
Article
1917
This article contains Lenin’s famous April Theses read by him at two meetings of the All-Russia Conference of Soviets of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies, on April 4, 1917.
Ten Days That Shook The World
Reed, John
Book
1919
John Reed's gripping account of the Russian Revolution of November 1917.
Theses of the Workers Opposition
Shliapnikov, Alexander
Article
1921
Advocated the role of unionized workers in directing the economy at a time when Soviet government organs were running industry by dictate and trying to exclude trade unions from a participatory role.
To The Finland Station: A Study in the Writing and Acting of History
Wilson, Edmund
Book
1940
The revolutionary tradition in Europe and the rise of socialism.
Trotsky Reconsidered: Claude Lefort's Perspective
Garvey, John
Article
2013
In spite of all the ink spilled that says the opposite, Trotsky may have been closer to Stalin than he was to Lenin. That’s the argument made by Claude Lefort (one of the leading members of Socialisme...
Trotskyism and the vanguard party
Diemer, Ulli
Article
1974
One of the most consistent achievements of the Trotskyists over the years has been to drive people away from radical politics. The number of burned-out and alienated ex-Trotskyists greatly exceeds the...
Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution: Volume One
Trotsky, Leon
Book
1932
A combination of dramatic narrative and searching analysis by one of the key figures in the Russian Revolution. Volume 1 cover the period up to the “July Days” – a semi-insurrection followed by attemp...
Was the Bolshevik Revolution a Failure?
Mattick, Paul
Article
1938
As soon as the Bolsheviks recognized that the proletariat was too weak to establish state capitalistic systems favorable to Russia in other countries, and also that the bourgeoisie was no longer willi...
Why Marx Was Right
Eagleton, Terry
Book
2011
Eagleton takes common objections to Marxism and demonstrates how and why they are wrong.
Workers' Opposition: Connexipedia Article
Article
A group within the Russian Communist Party that struggled to achieve workers rights and trade union control over industry.
Working Class Experience: Rethinking the History of Canadian Labour, 1800-1991
Palmer, Bryan D.
Book
1983
From nineteenth-century tavern life to late twentieth-century cinema, from rough canallers and the first stirrings of craft unionism to contemporary public-sector strikes, this books provides a sweepi...
Year One of the Russian Revolution
Serge, Victor
Book
1930
The purpose of Year One of the Russian Revolution is essentially one of reconstructing the chain of events, in the Russia of revolution and counter-revolution, which has led from the 'Commune-State' o...

Connexions Directory of Groups & Websites

Black and Red
Publishing books and pamphlets with an anti-authoritarian perspective since 1968. Black & Red books record contemporary and historical attempts to lead principled lives. They examine social relations ...
Bureau of Public Secrets
Articles from a Situationist perspective.
Marxists Internet Archive
Large archive of the writings of Marx and Engels and of others in the Marxist tradition. Searchable.

Sources Experts & Spokespersons

Sources Library

Russia in Revolution
Halliday, E.M.
1967

From the Connexions Archives

The International Situation
World United Front & Proletarian Revolution
Article
1977
These Canadian Marxist-Leninists distinguish themselves from those who they perceive as betrayers of the working class -- namely the Communist Party of Canada and other "phoney" communists. In this p...
Marxists Internet Archive
Website
Large archive of the writings of Marx and Engels and of others in the Marxist tradition. Searchable.
The Red Menace
A libertarian socialist newsletter
Serial Publication (Periodical)
1975
Articles on topics such as socialism, Marxism, anarchism, work, popular education, organizing, wages for housework, Leninism, bureaucracy, hierarchy, jargon, prostitution, obscenity, science fiction, ...