Footnotes in Gaza
A Graphic Novel

Sacco, Joe
Year Published:  2009
Resource Type:  Book
Cx Number:  CX11668

A graphic depiction of an incident in Gaza in 1956, when Israeli soldiers massacred 111 Palestinians.

Abstract: 
Footnotes in Gaza is a journalistic graphic novel by Joe Sacco about two bloody incidents during the Suez Crisis. It was published in 2009.

The book describes the author's quest to get to the bottom of what happened in Khan Younis and in Rafah in the Gaza Strip in November 1956. According to United Nations figures quoted in the book, Israeli forces killed 275 Palestinians in Khan Yunis on 3 November 1956 and 111 in Rafah on 12 November 1956.

Sacco bases his book on conversations with Palestinians in Rafah and the neighbouring town of Khan Younis, and interweaves the events of 1956 with the events in Rafah at the time of the interviews—the bulldozing of homes, the death of Rachel Corrie and the reactions to the outbreak of the Iraq War.

In a special report by the local UNRWA director, covering the period from November 1 through mid-December, and submitted to the UN General Assembly on 11 January 1957. According to this report, on 3 November, during the conquest of Khan Yunis, Israeli forces killed 275 Palestinians: 140 refugees and 135 local residents. On 12 November (after the fighting was over), Israeli military forces killed 110 Palestinians in Rafah: 103 refugees, seven local residents, plus one Egyptian.

Official and other sources are quoted in full in the graphic novel, published in 2009 by Henry Holt and Company. "Footnotes in Gaza," by comics journalist Joe Sacco, is a hefty, album-sized tome whose hard-cover version is 418 pages long - 388 of which are covered with meticulous and highly detailed black-and-white illustrations depicting Sacco's journeys to Khan Yunis and Rafah (and Jerusalem) to investigate these unknown atrocities, and his interpretation in graphic-novel form of the testimonies he collected from dozens of people.

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