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Bolshevism
Subject Index
Resources in the Connexions Library

Below are resources (books, articles, etc.) in the Connexions Library related to this topic. Clicking on an item's title takes you to its bibliographic page, which typically contains author, publisher, and cataloguing details, an abstract where available, and a link to the full text if available online, as well as links to related topics in the subject index. You can also search for materials through the Title, Author, Subject, Chronological, Dewey, Library of Congress, and Format indexes.
Particularly recommended items are flagged with a red Connexions logo:

  1. The Autobiography of a Sexually Emancipated Communist Woman
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1926   Published: 1971
  2. Bolshevik Party
    Entry in the Marxists Internet Archive Glossary
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    The Bolshevik party led the Russian Revolution of 1917.
  3. The Bolshevik Revolution 1917 - 1923 - Volume One
    A History of Soviet Russia
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1950   Published: 1969
  4. The Bolshevik Revolution 1917 - 1923 - Volume Two
    A history of Soviet Russia
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1952   Published: 1966
  5. The Bolshevik Revolution 1917 - 1923 - Voume Three
    Volume 3
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1953   Published: 1971
  6. The Bolsheviks
    Index to the biographies and writings of members of the Party that made the October 1917 Revolution in Russia.
    Resource Type: Internet WWW site
  7. The Bolsheviks & Workers' Control 
    The State and Counter-Revolution
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1970
    A pamphlet exposing the struggle that took place over the running of workplaces in the immediate aftermath of the Russian Revolution. In doing so not only does it demolish the romantic Leninist "history" of the relationship between the working class and their party during these years (1917-21) but it also provides a backbone to understanding why the Russian revolution failed in the way it did. From this understanding flows alternative possibilities of revolutionary organization.
  8. The Bolsheviks in Power
    The First Year of Soviet Rule in Petrograd
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 2007
  9. Bolshevism and Stalinism 
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1947
    From any view that goes beyond the capitalist system of exploitation, Stalinism and Trotskyism are both relics of the past.
  10. Council Communism & The Critique of Bolshevism
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    Published: 1999
    Council Communists don't see Stalinism as a sort of ‘counter-revolution' that deprived October of its fruits. Rather they see Stalinism just as a fruit of this revolution, one that opened the door for capitalism in Russia. Stalin was the heir of Bolshevism and the Bolshevik Revolution.
  11. A Dictionary of Marxist Thought
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1983
  12. Failure of a Dream?
    Essays in the History of American Socialism
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1974
    Examines the reasons for the relative weakness of American socialism.
  13. From Bolshevism to the Bureaucracy
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1962
  14. From Lenin to Stalin
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1937   Published: 1973
    A fascinating, first-hand account of the Stalinist takeover in Russia.
  15. The ‘Hero’ of Kronstadt Writes History
    Review of The Revolution Betrayed
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1937
    It is only necessary to reflect on the paramount role which Trotsky played in the first thundering years of Bolshevik Russia to understand why he cannot admit that the Bolshevik revolution was only able to change the form of capitalism but was not able to do away with the capitalist form of exploitation. It is the shadow of that period that lies in the way of his understanding.
  16. International Communism in the Era of Lenin
    Resource Type: Book
  17. The Invading Socialist Society
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1947
    History has shown that in moments of great social crisis, its farthest flights fall short of the reality of the proletarian revolution. Never was the proletariat so ready for the revolutionary struggle, never was the need for it so great, never was it more certain that the proletarian upheaval, however long delayed, will only the more certainly take humanity forward in the greatest leap forward it has hitherto made. The periods of retreat, of quiescence, of inevitable defeats are mere episodes in the face of the absolute nature of the crisis.
  18. Kronstadt 1921: Trotsky’s Defense. Response to Trotsky
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1938
    It is in fact in the domain of repression that the Central Committee of the Bolshevik Party committed, from the very beginning of the revolution, the gravest errors, those which were to most dangerously contribute to on one hand to the bureaucratization of the party and the state, and on the other to disarming the masses and, more particularly, the revolutionaries. It is about time that we realized this.
  19. Kronstadt rebellion
    Connexipedia Article
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    An uprising of Soviet sailors, soldiers and civilians against the Bolshevik government in 1921.
  20. The Kronstadt Uprising 1921
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1971
  21. Left-wing uprisings against the Bolsheviks
    Connexipedia Article
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    A series of rebellions and uprisings against the Bolsheviks led or supported by left wing groups.
  22. Lenin and the Vanguard Party
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1963
    To believe that Bolshevism, or to be more precise, Leninism, would under the circumstances advocate or preach the theory of the vanguard party is to continue slander of Leninism, but not to his theory of the party (that is no longer viable) but to his central doctrine – the role of the proletariat in the preservation of society from barbarism. To interpret Leninism as the advocacy of a vanguard party of three million is nearly as bad as the doctrine of Goebbels that Christ was not a Jew. Objective circumstances in Russia forced Lenin into a certain position. He accepted it without apologising for it. He knew what he was doing and he knew also, for he said it many times, what he was not doing. His doubts about it, not only for other countries but for Russia, he made public many, many times.
  23. Lenin as Philosopher
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1938
    Since the importance of Lenin’s philosophy is so strongly emphasised in Leninist organizations, it is necessary to make it the subject of a serious critical study. The doctrine of Party-Communism of the Third International cannot be judged adequately unless their philosophical basis is thoroughly examined.
  24. Lenin, Trotsky and the Vanguard Party
    A Contemporary View
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1963   Published: 1964
  25. Marxism and Freedom 
    From 1776 to Today
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1958   Published: 1971
    Dunayevskaya argues that Marx's theory is the generalisation of the instinctive striving of the proletariat for a new social order, a truly human society.
  26. Marxists Internet Archive 
    Resource Type: Internet WWW site
    Large archive of the writings of Marx and Engels and of others in the Marxist tradition. Searchable.
  27. Max Eastman: One American Radical’s View of the “Bolshevization” of the American Revolutionary Movement and a Forgotten, and Unforgettable, Portrait of Trotsky
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 2006
  28. Memoirs of a Revolutionary 1901- 1941 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1943   Published: 1967
  29. My Disillusionment in Russia
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1925
    Anarchist Emma Goldman recounts her experiences in Russia during the early years of the Revolution, and her subsequent disillusionment with the Bolshevik regime.
  30. My Life
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1930
  31. The Myth of Lenin’s “Concept of The Party”
    What They Did to What Is To Be Done?
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1990
    Lenin protested more than once that his initial formulations in WITBD were being distorted and misinterpreted by opponents, after which he went on to clarify and modify. If we want to know Lenin’s “concept of the party” we must look at the formulations he came to, after there had been discussions and attacks.
  32. Obsolete Communism
    The Left-Wing Alternative
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1968   Published: 1969
    An account of the May 1968 uprising in Paris, positing a left radical alternative to the encrusted beliefs of the old left and the right. A comment on power, on bureaucracy, and on the paths to liberation.
  33. Once More: Kronstadt
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1938
    The question which dominates today the whole discussion is, in substance, this: When and how did Bolshevism begin to degenerate?
  34. Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    Published: 1926
    In 1926 a group of exiled Russian anarchists in France, the Delo Truda (Workers' Cause) group, published this pamphlet.
  35. A People's History of the World
    From the Stone Age to the New Millennium
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1999
    Harman describes the shape and course of human history as a narrative or ordinary people forming and re-forming complex societies in pursuit of common human goals.
  36. Practice and Theory of Bolshevism
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1920   Published: 1962
  37. Red Emma Speaks
    Selected Writings and Speeches by Emma Goldman
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1972
    A collection of essays which provide a comprehensive view of Emma Goldman's theories and beliefs.
  38. The Red Menace 
    A libertarian socialist newsletter
    Resource Type: Serial Publication (Periodical)
    First Published: 1975   Published: 1980
    Articles on topics such as socialism, Marxism, anarchism, work, popular education, organizing, wages for housework, Leninism, bureaucracy, hierarchy, jargon, prostitution, obscenity, science fiction, and terrorism.
  39. Report from Moscow from Otto Rühle
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1920
    The Russian tactic is the tactic of authoritarian organisation. It has been so consistently developed and in the end carried to extremes, by the Bolsheviks to the fundamental principle of centralism that it has led to over-centralism... Centralism is the organisational principle of the bourgeois-capitalist age. With it the bourgeois state and the capitalist economy can be built up. Not however the proletarian state and the socialist economy. They demand the council system. For the KAPD—contrary to Moscow—the revolution is no party matter, the party no authoritarian organisation from the top down, the leader no military chief, the masses no army condemned to blind obedience, the dictatorship no despotism of a ruling clique; communism no springboard for the rise of a new Soviet bourgeoisie.
  40. Revolutionary Organisation and Open Letter to IS
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1972
    A 1972 pamphlet incorporating two previously published texts, 'Revolutionary Organisation' (1961) and 'An Open Letter to I.S.' (1968). They are presented as "a contribution to the serious discussing now taking place, within the ranks of revolutionaryies, as to what kind of organisation is necessary."
  41. The Role of Bolshevik Ideology in the Birth of the Bureaucracy
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1962
    People have not finished talking about the Russian Revolution, its problems, its degeneration, and about the regime it ultimately produced. And how could one? Of all the revolts of the working class, the Russian Revolution was the only victorious one. And of all the working class's failures, it was the most thoroughgoing and the most revealing.
  42. Rosa Luxemburg, Women's Liberation, and Marx's Philosophy of Revolution 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1981   Published: 1982
    Part I - Rosa Luxemburg as Theoretician, as Activist, as Internationalist. Part II - The Women's Liberation Movement as Revolutionary Force and Reason. Part III - Karl Marx—From Critic of Hegel to Author of Capital and Theorist of "Revolution in Permanence."
  43. Russia in Revolution 1900-1930
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1978
    A portrait of thirty years of political and artistic upheaval.
  44. The Russian Revolution and Leninism or Marxism? 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1918   Published: 1961
    The basic lesson of every great revolution, the law of its being, decrees: either the revolution must advance at a rapid, stormy, resolute tempo, break down all barriers with an iron hand and place its goals ever farther ahead, or it is quite soon thrown backward behind its feeble point of departure and suppressed by counter-revolution. To stand still, to mark time on one spot, to be contented with the first goal it happens to reach, is never possible in revolution. And he who tries to apply the home-made wisdom derived from parliamentary battles between frogs and mice to the field of revolutionary tactics only shows thereby that the very psychology and laws of existence of revolution are alien to him .
  45. Selections from the Prison Notebooks 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1951   Published: 1973
    Gramsci's Notebooks cover a wide range of subjects including history, culture, politics, and philosophy.
  46. Situationist International Anthology 
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1981
  47. Six Red Months in Russia
    An Observers Account of Russia Before and During the Proletarian Dictatorship
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1918
    Louise Bryant's account of her time in Russia during the revolution 1917-1918.
  48. Stalin, Marxism-Leninism and the Left
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1976
  49. The State and Revolution
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1917
  50. The Struggle Against Fascism Begins with the Struggle Against Bolshevism
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1939
    Russia must be placed first among the new totalitarian states. It was the first to adopt the new state principle. It went furthest in its application. It was the first to establish a constitutional dictatorship, together with the political and administrative terror system which goes with it. Adopting all the features of the total state, it thus became the model for those other countries which were forced to do away with the democratic state system and to change to dictatorial rule. Russia was the example for fascism. There is an unbridgeable opposition between bolshevism and socialism. Nationalism, authoritarianism, centralism, leader dictatorship, power policies, terror-rule, mechanistic dynamics, inability to socialize-all these essential characteristics of fascism were and are existing in bolshevism.
  51. Ten Days That Shook The World
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1919   Published: 1960
  52. Theses of the Workers Opposition
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1921
    Advocated the role of unionized workers in directing the economy at a time when Soviet government organs were running industry by dictate and trying to exclude trade unions from a participatory role.
  53. To The Finland Station
    Resource Type: Book
  54. Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution
    Volume One
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1932   Published: 1967
  55. Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution
    Volume Two
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1932   Published: 1967
  56. Trotsky's History of the Russian Revolution
    Volume Three
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1932   Published: 1967
  57. Was the Bolshevik Revolution a Failure?
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    First Published: 1938
    As soon as the Bolsheviks recognized that the proletariat was too weak to establish state capitalistic systems favorable to Russia in other countries, and also that the bourgeoisie was no longer willing to risk anything in a struggle against state capitalist Russia, that is, about 1920, the Bolsheviks ceased to support revolutionary movements in other countries and instead prepared for a peaceful side by side existence with the other capitalistic systems.
  58. Workers' Opposition
    Connexipedia Article
    Resource Type: Article/Report/Letter
    A group within the Russian Communist Party that struggled to achieve workers rights and trade union control over industry.
  59. Year One of the Russian Revolution
    Resource Type: Book
    First Published: 1930   Published: 1972
    The purpose of Year One of the Russian Revolution is essentially one of reconstructing the chain of events, in the Russia of revolution and counter-revolution, which has led from the ‘Commune-State’ of 1917 to the party dictatorship of late 1918. The terms of the narrative are fixed by Serge’s basic convictions, firstly, that the October Revolution of 1917 was a genuine expression of mass feeling by workers and peasants in their overwhelming majority, and secondly that the revolutionary wave had very quickly exhausted itself, or rather bled itself dry, through the military depredation and economic ruin which wrought havoc in an already enfeebled Russia during the early months following the Bolshevik seizure of power.


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