Karl Liebknecht Internet Archive
Written: 1907
Translated: Grahame Lock
Publisher: Rivers Press Limited, Cambridge, 1973
Transcription/Markup: Einde O’Callaghan for the Marxists’ Internet Archive
Online Version: Karl Liebknecht Internet Archive (marxists.org) 2002
Copyright: Rivers Press 1973. Reproduced here by kind permission of Grahame Lock & Rivers Press Limited.
"[Modern militarism] wants neither more nor less than the squaring of the circle; it arms the people against the people itself; it is insolent enough to force the workers . . . to become oppressors, enemies and murderers of their own class comrades and friends, of their parents, brothers, sisters and children, murderers of their own past and future. It wants to be at the same time democratic and despotic, enlightened and machine-like, at the same time to serve the nation and to be its enemy."
KARL LIEBKNECHT
1. On the essence and meaning of militarism
2. Origin and basis of social relations of power
3. Some items from the history of militarism
Preliminary remarks
1. “Militarism against the external enemy”, navalism and colonial militarism. Possibilities of war and disarmament
2. Proletariat and war
3. Characteristics of “militarism against the internal enemy” and its task
4. The constitution of the army in same foreign countries
5. Conclusions
Russia
3. Methods and Effects of Militarism
1. The immediate object
2. Military pedagogy
The education of the soldier
Bureaucratic and semi-military organization of the civil population
Other military Influences on the civil population
Militarism as Machiavellianism and as a political regulator
4. Particulars of Some of the Main Sins of Militarism
1. The ill-treatment of soldiers, or militarism as a penitent but incorrigible sinner
Two dilemmas
2. The cost of militarism, or La douloureuse
Another dilemma
3. The army as a tool against the proletariat in the economic struggle
Preliminary remark
Soldiers as competitors of free labourers
The army and strike-breaking
4. The rule of the sword and rifle against strikes
Preliminary remarks
Italy
Austria-Hungary
Belgium
France
United States of America
Canada
Switzerland
Norway
Germany
5. Military societies and strikes
6. The army as a tool against the proletariat in the political struggle
7. Military societies in the political struggle
8. Militarism, a danger to peace
9. The difficulties of the proletarian revolution
1. Anti-militarism of the Old and the New International
2. Anti-militarism Abroad, with Special Regard to the Young Socialist Organizations
Belgium
France
Italy
Switzerland
Austria
Hungary
Holland
Sweden
Norway
Denmark
America
Spain
Finland
Russia
The international anti-militarist movement
1. Tactics against militarism abroad
2. Tactics against militarism at home
3. Anarchist and Social-Democratic anti-militarism
5. The Need for Special Anti-militarist Propaganda
6. Anti-militarism in Germany and German Social-Democracy
7. The Anti-militarist Tasks of German Social-Democracy