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Social-Demokrat

The first number of the Social-Demokrat appeared under the editorship of Schweitzer on December 15, 1864. The names of Marx and Engels were included in the list of contributors. From January 4, 1865, the paper began to appear regularly three times a week. In February 1865 Marx and Engels withdrew from the circle of contributors to the Social-Demokrat because Schweitzer did not come out definitely enough against the Prussian government.

Soldatskaya Pravda (Soldiers' Truth)

A Bolshevik daily, began to appear on April 15 (28), 1917 as the organ of the Military Organisation of the Petrograd Committee, R.S.D.L.P.(B.); from May 19 (June 1), 1917 it became the organ of the Military Organisation of the Central Committee, R.S.D.L.P.(B.); during the July events of 1917 the paper was closed down by the Provisional Government; from July to October 1917 it came out under the names of Robochy i Soldat (Worker and Soldier) and Soldat (Soldier). After the October Revolution publication was resumed under the old name and continued up to March 1918.

Sotsial-Demokrat (The Social-Democrat)

1. A Menshevik Georgian-language newspaper. Published in Tiflis from April 7 - November 13, 1905. A Total of six issues were released. Its' editor in chief was Noi Jordania, leader of the Georgian Mensheviks.

2. An illegal Russian newspaper, Central Organ of the R.S.D.L.P., published from February 1908 to January 1917. Altogether 58 issues appeared. The first issue was put out in Russia, but further publication was arranged abroad, first in Paris, then in Geneva. By a decision of the Central Committee of the R.S.D.L.P., the Editorial Board was made up of representatives of the Bolsheviks, the Mensheviks and the Polish Social-Democrats. The paper was largely run by Lenin (Over eighty articles and paragraphs by Lenin were published in the paper). Lenin fought for a consistent Bolshevik line on the Editorial Board. From December 1911 Sotsial-Demokrat was edited by Lenin.

At the beginning of the First World War, after a year of having been shut down, Lenin succeeded in restarting the newspaper. Issue No. 33 containing the manifesto of the Central Committee of the R.S.D.L.P. drafted by Lenin came out on October 19 (Nov 1), 1914. Lenin's articles published in Sotsial-Demokrat during the war played an important part in helping to apply the strategy and tactics of the Bolshevik Party on the questions of war, peace and revolution, in denouncing social-chauvinists, and uniting the internationalist forces in the world labour movement.

Sovremenny Mir (The Contemporary World)

A literary, scientific and political monthly published in Petersburg from 1906 to 1918. Among its contributors were Mensheviks, including Plekhanov. Bolsheviks also contributed to the magazine during the block with the Plekhanov group of pro-Party Mensheviks and in early 1914. In March 1914, it carried Lenin's article "Socialism Demolished Again".

Sozialistische Monatshefte (Socialist Monthly)

Chief organ of the German Social-Democratic opportunists and an organ of international opportunism; during the First World War it took a social-chauvinist stand; published in Berlin from 1897 to 1933.